This study examines how environmental stressors impact male reproductive biomarkers in bivalves from Annaba estuaries, affected by industrial, agricultural, and domestic discharges. Males of Mytilus galloprovincialis and Donax trunculus were sampled from a non-polluted site (S1) and two polluted sites (S2 and S3) across four seasons. Results showed reduced meat yield at the polluted sites and variations in MDA, GSH, and GPx enzymatic activity, indicating spatio-temporal effects linked to pollution types and seasonal changes
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